What are Surrogate Keys typically assigned as?

Surrogate keys are typically designed to be unique identifiers that serve as a substitute for natural keys in a database. They are generally assigned as integers that are generated in a sequential manner. This sequential nature simplifies data management and ensures that each record has a unique identifier that is stable and independent of the actual data.

Using sequential integers for surrogate keys allows for efficient indexing and querying within the database, enhances performance, and minimizes storage space. It also simplifies certain operations, like merging datasets or looking up records, as operations on integers are generally faster than on strings or composite keys.

In contrast, random identifiers or negative numbers create complexity and can pose challenges in maintaining uniqueness across records. Strings representing categories are typically not used for surrogate keys due to potential variations and complexities involved in string management. Composite keys, which are derived from multiple columns, can introduce complexity in database management and querying, making sequential integers a more practical choice for surrogate keys.